In this last conversation of four, we addressed the complex issue of creating two independent states, Israel and Palestine, and whether that would end the conflicts in the Middle East.

It was emphasized that the situation is complex and that a simple answer would be inadequate. Currently, the discussion of two states is not viable due to the hatred and intensity of the current conflict. It was also mentioned that the disputed territory is imaginary and biblical, further complicating the issue.

We discussed the historical complexity of the conflict, referring to the Middle Ages, the creation of the Catholic Church, and the Crusades as elements that perpetuated the conflict between the Abrahamic peoples. It was emphasized that faith and spirituality play a crucial role in the dynamics of the conflict, stating that the weakening of the Christian faith weakened the West and its institutions, making it difficult to mediate the conflict between Israelites and Ishmaelites.

The weakening of the West resulting from a crisis of Christian faith was addressed. It was argued that without Western cohesion and values, institutions such as the United Nations and the international justice system lose legitimacy and effectiveness. It was argued that the lack of a robust faith leads to a crisis of identity and cohesion in the West, rendering it incapable of mediating complex conflicts such as the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

A historical analysis was also conducted, referring to the Second Vatican Council, which recognized the fragility of the Christian faith and the need to revitalize it. According to the analysis, this revitalization is crucial for the stability and mediation capacity of the West.

Regarding the creation of two states, the need for a consolidated country, a cohesive ruling elite, and strong institutions was emphasized before the viability of such a solution could be considered. It was mentioned that the creation of a Palestinian state and coexistence with Israel require more than legal decisions; they require a solid cultural and national foundation, something currently lacking.

We conclude that the creation of two states is unfeasible in the current context of fragmentation and distrust in the West. It was emphasized that without a strong and cohesive West capable of promoting and upholding the values of liberal democracy and the rule of law, any solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict will be temporary and unstable.

The discussion focused on whether growing bipolarization and the lack of consensus will influence international relations in the coming years. Concern was expressed about the weight given to the term "international relations," and it was emphasized that the conversation was not academic.

It was argued that, following the COVID-19 health crisis, the Slavic conflict, and the October 7th incident, the world is extremely complicated and problematic. It was mentioned that the conflict between Russia and Ukraine is, in fact, a global issue driven by Western hegemony.

We also discussed humanity's tendency to focus on major trends that, according to the analysis, don't reveal much about the future. Political instability in the US and Europe, the demographic crisis in China, and the lack of solutions to issues in the Sahel and sub-Saharan Africa were highlighted. We also mentioned that the global financial crisis has not been overcome and has been exacerbated by the pandemic.

It was emphasized that identity politics and "wokism" impede understanding of the gravity of the issues, hindering dialogue. The need to rebuild the West and to value Western precepts that have fostered scientific and moral advances was emphasized.

We also discussed climate challenges and the need for a more global approach to the Anthropocene. In the educational field, we criticized the limited vision of educational institutions and highlighted the importance of coexistence and family. It was argued that the weakening of Christian faith in the West contributed to the fragility of the family institution, affecting fertility rates.

Finally, the importance of valuing cultural differences and rejecting the rhetoric of globalization was highlighted, concluding that the current world is complex and dynamic and that the future depends on improving the present, suggesting that it is necessary to take care of the current “garden” to ensure a better future.